I. Introduction

On December 27, 2025, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China promulgated the newly revised Foreign Trade Law, which will take effect on March 1, 2026 (the “2025 FTL”). This legislative act marks a pivotal moment in China’s legal framework governing its economic interactions with the

Authors | Andy See, José Moscati

In April 2025, US President Trump issued Executive Orders 14257 and 14259, announcing the imposition of a 10% reciprocal tariff on several countries and regions, including Brazil, effective 5 April. An additional 10% reciprocal tariff will be applied to certain countries and regions from 9 April (notably, the reciprocal

The Impact of Recent US Financial Institution Sanctions on Chinese Financial Institutions and Suggestions for Response

The impact of US Presidential Executive Order No 14114 on Chinese financial institutions

On 22 December 2023, the President of the United States signed Executive Order No 14114 to amend Executive Order No 14024 and Executive Order No 14068.

1. Trends and Overview

1.1 Sanctions Market

In the past 12 months, the sanctions sector has undergone significant changes and growth, with a notable increase in US sanctions imposed on Chinese companies. This surge reflects the escalating geopolitical tensions between the US and China. The US has broadened its scope of sanctions to include more